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[Basic knowledge for selecting fans]
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As equipment becomes more powerful and denser, it generates more heat, making cooling technology increasingly important.
Understanding the characteristics and operating conditions of cooling fans and selecting the most suitable cooling fan is important for improving equipment performance.
We have picked out some key points and are introducing them here. For more information, please download the free document that summarizes basic knowledge in an easy-to-understand manner and make use of it.
It is necessary to select a cooling fan of an appropriate size according to the size of the device and the amount of heat generated.
If the cooling fan is too large, it will take up unnecessary space, and if it is too small, it may not provide sufficient cooling performance.
It is necessary to choose a fan that is small but has excellent cooling performance.
It is necessary to check the voltage, frequency, power consumption, etc. and select a cooling fan that is compatible with the existing power system. If you are using it in a different country or region, be aware that the power specifications are different.
The air volume of a cooling fan is the amount of air blown out, and static pressure is the force with which the air pushes against the surrounding area when it is stationary.
In addition, the airflow of a cooling fan is basically proportional to the rotation speed, and the static pressure is proportional to the square of the rotation speed. In other words, doubling the rotation speed doubles the airflow and quadruples the static pressure. Using this law, you can roughly calculate the desired PQ characteristic diagram based on the current airflow and static pressure values.
For more information, see "Fan Basics" Lesson 4: Fan Airflow and Static Pressure
"Ventilation resistance" refers to the difficulty of air flowing inside a device, and is also called "system impedance." Even if you change the cooling fan installed, the ventilation resistance will hardly change unless the positions and number of components installed in the device change.
Generally, ventilation resistance can be approximated by a quadratic curve that is proportional to the square of the air volume. The tendency of the quadratic curve is that when ventilation resistance is low (air flows easily), the curve leans toward the X-axis, and when ventilation resistance is high (air flows less easily), the curve leans toward the Y-axis.
For details, see [Fan Basics] Lesson 7: Airflow Resistance of Equipment
Cooling fans may not perform as expected depending on the installation environment, so it is necessary to select a cooling fan taking into consideration temperature, humidity, and the presence or absence of dust. It is also necessary to consider Splash Proof Fan and Oil Proof Fan fans that can be used in environments where they may be exposed to water or oil.
For Splash Proof Fan you must also check the protection rating (IP code).
For more information, see [Fan types and features] Features of environmentally resistant fans, Splash Proof Fan Oil Proof Fan, Wide Temperature Range Fan, and G Proof Fan.
The noise of a cooling fan is expressed in sound pressure level units called "dB(A)". (A) indicates the A-weighted sound pressure level. A-weighting is a value corrected taking into account the frequencies that humans can hear, and the correction value is specified by the JIS standard.
The specifications for cooling fans state the sound pressure level when the cooling fan is rotating at its rated speed. In environments where people are present nearby, a quiet design that reduces noise may be required.
As a noise countermeasure, we also recommend PWM fan which can control the fan rotation according to the duty ratio of the input PWM signal.
For more details, see [Fan Basics] Lesson 6: Fan noise and sound pressure level / [Fan Basics] Features of PWM fan (How to control the rotation speed)
Generally, the lifespan of a cooling fan is defined based on the point at which there is a "certain decrease in air flow capacity" or "certain increase in noise" after a certain period of continuous operation.
The lifespan of a cooling fan determines the lifespan of the device. If the lifespan of a cooling fan is shorter than that of the device, the cooling fan will need to be replaced as part of the device maintenance.
For details, see [Fan Basics] Lesson 3: Fan Lifespan
If you need to customize the product to meet your specific requirements or environment, choosing a manufacturer that can flexibly accommodate your needs will contribute to the success of your project. Also, make sure the customized parts are covered by the warranty.
Once you understand the key points, you can narrow down your search for cooling fans based on your requirements on SANYO DENKI CO., LTD. 's product site. Please make use of this.
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